Aimed at addressing the problem of the experimental device will be built in China. March 12, with a total budget of $ 1.4 billion of major national research equipment special It will become a free electron laser only a work in 50 to 150 nm range and tunable coherent and high brightness.
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Person in charge of the project, Xue-Ming Yang, Chinese Academy of Sciences, said the development of the device will greatly enhance the level of China’s experiment in energy and other basic sciences, and hope to become an important research base related fields.

Combination

The project leader, one of the Chinese Academy of Sciences the DICP researcher Dai Dongxu, energy research, coal pyrolysis and other intermediate products of the combustion process often exists in the form of atoms, molecules, radicals, these microscopic particles ionized ion to into electrical signals to be tested. Therefore, high sensitivity, high temporal resolution and species-resolved detection and study of microscopic particles is essential.

However, most of the molecules or free radicals, stimulate the ionization wavelength in the extreme ultraviolet (50 to 150 nm), traditional laser wavelength is generally in the near ultraviolet to near infrared wavelengths (300 to 1000 nm). This has resulted in traditional laser ionization of microscopic particles absorb more photons, the efficiency and sensitivity was the geometric order of magnitude lower, and easy to break the product.

To solve this problem, scientists have proposed the use of free-electron laser technology to produce extreme ultraviolet coherent light. The technology is considered to be the most effective way to detect microscopic particles. The free-electron laser wavelength can cover from the hard X-rays to the far-infrared band, especially the use of high gain harmonic generation free electron laser (HGHG) technologies used to produce ultra-high peak brightness, the ultrafast temporal characteristics and good coherence great application value.

But the technology until about ten years to be verified in the experiment. Among them, the Chinese Academy of Applied Physics, where a few years ago the construction of China’s first free-electron laser, and successfully carried out related experiments.

Scientists in Dalian, a scientific research for many years trapped particle detection problem is to sit still. He is to experiment with their own R & D instruments and famous Xue-Ming Yang. Xue-Ming Yang find Shanghai Applied Physics, hope that both sides can work together to develop new equipment.

In Shanghai is also aware of the accumulated experience, grasp the free-electron laser wavelength from 200 nm down to less than 150 nm, and wavelength tunable. The two hit it off in 2011 after several years of argument, a joint application by the National Natural Science Foundation of major national research equipment special.

January 20, the Shanghai Applied Physics announced: by the researcher Zhao Zhentang leadership of the free-electron laser research team in the international community take the lead in achieving a the HGHG free-electron laser wavelength of a wide range of continuously adjustable.

Daidong Xu introduced the free-electron laser in the 21st century began to flourish together. Currently, several research and development of free-electron laser units have their own strengths, some leading indicators of the wavelength is more, technology is very difficult, but no one can achieve wavelength tuning.

National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory in Hefei currently able to provide the vacuum ultraviolet the best experimental conditions, Xue-Ming Yang group has assisted in the past to make a good experimental results. Synchrotron radiation light source, after all, is not a laser, the remaining differences in the coherence, the peak power and time characteristics.

Solve these problems, the DICP starting from the actual needs of the request of Applied Physics, where the design will be targeted to solve practical problems in the experiment.

It is learned that the equipment of the project will be mainly by our own research and development.

The total project budget of 140 million yuan, the National Natural Science Foundation funded 103 million yuan for the development of the free-electron laser and the experimental setup, the Academy of Sciences DICP will raise about 040 million yuan for infrastructure and utilities. The scientific objectives of the project is the development of a HGHG mode wavelength tunable extreme ultraviolet coherent light source and the use of the experimental setup of the light source of this superior performance. This will also be unique in the world of basic science experiment platform.

It is reported that the current funding already in place, the device is planned to be completed before the end of 2015. Equipment sharing, and the country can be applied to the physical, chemical, biological, energy and other fields. Daidong Xu said:

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India has decided to buy 126 Rafale fighter, the total value of $ 11 billion from the French company Dassault Aviation. This is by far the largest sum of foreign equipment procurement contracts in India.
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India’s purchasing decisions, Service since 2000, the Rafale participated in many countries, procurement of equipment bid, but all ended in failure. This time, the

At that time, the F-15, F-16 third-generation fighter first test edge relative to the fighter, Rafale, once available, people are amazed with the So that

First, the mobility is high. resistance is high, lift large, light aircraft, the wing load balancing resistance, transonic supersonic wave drag low supersonic characteristics significantly improved the angle of attack range and greater instantaneous turn rate, the mobility is significantly increased maximum takeoff weight significantly increased and payload, takeoff and landing roll distance was significantly shorter.

Multi-purpose capability. Dassault In the body of the

Third, the integrated electronic system level leading one o’clock. Rafale equipped with digital avionics systems, microelectronics and computer network technology-based, fire control, electronic warfare, communications, navigation, task management, and testing security subsystems are combined into an organic whole, to achieve resource sharing, mutual redundancy and high automation, optimization level.

Rafale International marketing dilemma

French fighter planes have sold around the world. Such as Egypt, Pakistan, Qatar, UAE, South Africa, Chile, is a traditional use of the French fighter. However, after the end of the Cold War seems to have an invisible fence to trap the French fighter. Service since 2000, the Rafale participated in many countries, procurement of equipment bid, but failed, has not burst into the international market.

Military equipment, especially a fighter type of main equipment, different from ordinary goods. A national external procurement of fighter aircraft, and choose which do not choose which, by no means depends solely on the quality of the aircraft and the level of prices is the result of political, economic, military, diplomatic, technological, and many other factors wrestling.

1991, the United States take the lead to launch the Gulf War and a series of war, U.S. military equipment to the limelight, fame, a good performance, so that countries wishing to purchase equipment or changes in wind direction, or take the initiative to find the United States rely on to change the military procurement orientation, to strengthen military cooperation. Instead of saying

The technical advantages of the gradual loss of the Began in the early 1990s the world’s new military transformation, rapid development, as a leader, the U.S. military equipment in this extensive and profound changes with each passing day, stealth, new unmanned combat platforms after another, the old equipment to display a new vitality. In contrast, the

Implemented by the United States hegemony in outer space, network hegemony, but also exacerbated the U.S. monopoly on the international arms market, Based information network system against close-range confrontation of the past stand-alone stand-alone to settle for second, so that the over-the-horizon combat information network support, stealth penetration and standoff strike capability became a combat aircraft primary pursuit, the network warfare, the ability to become an important factor.

This woven by the United States as the leading integrated information network based on space-based systems empty world, is increasingly giving the feel of a traditional use of French equipment, or the purchase of American equipment better.

Libyan war

Over the years, the Indian Air Force equipment mainly divided into two systems of Russia and France, in recent years added to the U.S. system. India has decided to purchase Rafale fighter, a solid bilateral political relations and long-term military-technical cooperation is the basis.

After India conducted nuclear tests in 1998, the French not only does not support sanctions against India, but even with India signed a number of equipment and technology cooperation contract. India is a traditional market of the French military, military-technical cooperation between the two countries can be traced back to the late 1970s. The introduction of the Jaguar attack aircraft, and

Lower price and generous transfer of technology, India is an important reason to select the 126 fighter aircraft in order to compete the contract of sale, France has resorted to every means. Needless to say, the price advantage, solely on technology transfer, and the concessions made by France to India.

In order to promote the technology level of domestic aviation industry convention, India requested that the successful bidder in addition to meet the technical and performance requirements proposed by India, to India transfer of relevant technologies, most of the aircraft production and assembly to India. , India research, The research plan is also being planned, India imported equipment and technology is not a small profit.

The purchase of Rafale, the French advanced technology, production technology, management experience and management model, will further promote the Indian aviation industry level.

India India in 2000 to obtain the production license 140 Su-30MKI fighters, 11 years have passed, so far, India assembly 100, an annual average of about 10. To conclude that the 126
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Jagger Deep Daxi Ya , military spokesman , said the military exercise code-named

The Daxi Ya told AFP reporters, about 20,000 soldiers , 200 Russian – made ​​tanks as well as the newest fighter jets will take part in the exercise , the Indian Army

Exercises involving tanks , combat vehicles , artillery , helicopters, fighter jets , unmanned aerial vehicles , air defense weapons and radar equipment in accordance with the military in a statement .

A military sources declined to be named , said the exercise area is less than 200 km from the India-Pakistan border .

Adjacent border areas between the two countries has always been sensitive to the situation . Bilateral relations after the Indian city of Mumbai terrorist attacks in 2008 fell to rock bottom . India refers to identify the attackers were Pakistani extremist groups , leading to the parties to a comprehensive dialogue to interrupt . Between the two countries early last year to restart the dialogue, the relationship gradually subsided .

The Daxi Ya deny the latest exercise program will lead to the relations between the two sides once again tight .

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the training of air combat , air defense , electronic warfare , and respond to large – scale disasters .
< - more - >
The training began on the 11th of this month , will end on the 24th , about 330 of the Japan Air Self Defense Force , about 400 of the U.S. Air Force and Royal Australian Air Force of about 300 people attended . Training base to Anderson as the center and its surrounding Northeast airspace and air-to-ground shooting range .

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He said China has always adhered to the principle of coordinated development of national defense construction and economic construction , according to the needs of national security and national economic development level is reasonable to determine the size of the defense budget .

said

Geng Yansheng , the rapid development of science and technology today , the weapons and equipment necessary replacement is a very normal , China is no exception . The

, China in recent years, some new weapons and equipment involved in a number of foreign military operations and played an active role in safeguarding world peace and stability , he said.

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Selection of flight students from the Students soldiers , military flight personnel selection and training of a new road . 2011 , Headquarters issued a notification Students soldiers cadet scope and basic conditions were clear: under the age of 25 years of age (as of June 30 that year ) , unmarried men ; the military academies to recruit political conditions and physical health of the student pilot examination , psychological testing and other selection criteria ; enlisted to participate in the national college entrance exam before , undergraduate first batch of provincial admissions office , the second batch of unified admission , when the college entrance examination scores in the second batch of the province ( autonomous regions and municipalities ) in regular undergraduate control points or more , access to full – time undergraduate degree and a bachelor’s degree or graduate degree and a master’s degree and professional for the University , or other professional with advanced mathematics, physics -based lesson .

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Overview

U.S. strategic forecasting, February 11 Journal article said that the end of last month, the French Dassault Aviation announced that won the 126 Rafale fighter bids to supply India in the next 10 years. The article pointed out that the Indian Air Force in recent years adopted a series of initiatives to upgrade and enhance its ability to solve many potential problems before the Indian Air Force will continue to face significant limitations.

India’s new fighter procurement aimed at the CMB

The article said that the January 31, French Dassault Aviation announced that the Indian medium-sized multi-role fighter (MMRCA) competition to select its Rafale fighter. If this is carried out smoothly, then $ 10.4 billion worth of contract negotiations, Dassault Aviation will be within 10 years India’s supply of 126 aircraft which is expected to Currently, the two sides have not yet signed the final contract. India’s first batch of 18 fighters will be purchased directly from Dassault Aviation, the remaining fighters will be India’s state-owned Hindustan Aeronautics Limited in Bangalore, conversion and production. Medium-sized multi-role fighter competition is the latest developments in the Indian Air Force, a series of major upgrades and improvement projects, especially in the procurement of advanced aircraft and troops as a whole infrastructure improvements, the purpose is to enhance the ability of the Indian Air Force. However, most of the Indian Air Force aircraft are now obsolete, and the overall force structure is being degraded. To make matters worse, the status of the Indian Air Force flight training. Flight training, maintenance problems and the restrictions imposed by the large bureaucracy become very complex. Although the new aircraft is an important component of the modernization of Indian Air Force, but it still faces potential challenges are equally important and powerful forces.

The article said that the October 8, 1932, the Indian Air Force was formally established. India since independence in 1947, the Indian Air Force participated in the four games of the war to Pakistan and a war against China. These conflicts with Pakistan and China and continuing tensions in the Indian Air Force emphasis on maintaining large-scale force structure, in order to respond to large-scale conventional war with the enemy air force and ground forces. This makes it very necessary to continue to buy large numbers of aircraft and reconnaissance and ground attack aircraft. In addition, given the huge scale of the combat potential battlefield as well as more general transport infrastructure, the Indian Air Force since the 1950s has been stressed to maintain effective logistical support. Indian Air Force has five combatant commands, and the two headquarters. Among them, two Combat Command for Pakistan, two against China, the fifth, also the newly formed one, namely, the Southern Command, was established in 1984, focusing on action in the Indian Ocean, although this action is still the Indian Navy Air Force’s primary areas of responsibility.

The article said that since the 1960s, the Indian Air Force is increasingly dependent on Soviet equipment and materials. India has two major procurement period: 1963 to 1971, India purchased the MiG, Tupolev and Sukhoi fighters, and the Soviet MiG fighter is very prominent in the modernization project in 1978 to 1988. However, the British Jaguar attack aircraft introduced in 1979 and 1985, the introduction of the French Mirage-2000 fighter two exceptions purchases. In addition to the procurement of Russian Su-30MKI fighters in 2002, the Indian Air Force since the 1980s did not give its fighter fleet Tim had any equipment. In fact, from 1978 to 1988 during the modernization project which fighter procurement or have already retired, or in need of repair. Therefore, the Indian Air Force is developing some models of aircraft modernization and major programs to newer and more advanced fighter to replace the other fighter.

For the 40 Su-30MKI fighter upgrade

The article said that in addition to competition in the medium multi-role fighter, the Indian Air Force has also launched a Indian Air Force has also invested nearly $ 1 billion to the modernization of MiG-29 multi-purpose MiG-29UPG variants. In addition, in July 2010, the Indian Air Force to finalize a deal to upgrade its French Mirage 2000 Mirage -2000-5 the Mk2 variant, and in January 2012, India decided to purchase 490 Mirage (MICA) air to air missiles. Beginning in 2020, the Indian Air Force plans to introduce 250 to 300 fifth-generation stealth fighter, India is working with Russia to jointly develop these fighters, but still at a very early development stage. The project cost about $ 35 billion, is expected to become so far India’s most expensive defense project. With these future purchases, the Indian Air Force is expected to in 2022 to 42 Squadron, Indian Air Force squadrons per cent more about 10 Squadron. In contrast, Pakistan is believed to have less than 20 fixed-wing fighter squadron.

The article said that, in addition to the modernization and improvement of its fixed-wing fighter formation, the Indian Air Force is also seeking to improve its transport and air refueling forces. As of February 2011, the Indian Air Force to drive 6 IL-78MKI tanker, but because of the squadron number of ever-increasing and force delivery needs, the Indian Air Force was launched in 2010 nearly $ 2 billion multi-purpose fuel / transport competition contract. 6 for the Indian Air Force tanker. Indian Air Force to improve its transport aircraft fleet in June 2011 signed a contract worth $ 4.1 billion, to buy 10 C-17 In 2008, the Indian Air Force signed a value of nearly $ 1,000,000,000 of transactions, the purchase of six C-130J transport aircraft, and is currently seeking to buy six of the same type of transport aircraft. In addition, the Indian Air Force also intends to strength doubling its airborne early warning and control aircraft, airborne early warning and control aircraft only three In addition, India has also made many involving airborne early warning / control aircraft Request for Proposal, and eventually hope to have 24 domestic airborne early warning / control.

Indian Air Force weapons combat power conversion required three off

The article said that despite a large number of modernization projects and procurement, but the Indian Air Force are still subject to the limitations of many acute problems. If you are not fully resolved these restrictions will impede the Indian Air Force to take full advantage of its new infrastructure and equipment. A major problem for the Indian Air Force is very high in its fleet crash and accident rates. The most recent accident occurred on January 31, was a Kiran MK II trainer aircraft during the flight explosion. (Two pilots successfully escaped). In 2011 alone, India’s Defence Force has suffered at least 12 since the crash. The high crash rate of the Indian Air Force from the three main factors. The first is the question of the age for driving many models of aircraft. For example, the MiG-21, be fitted out for the first time the Indian Air Force in 1964, and this aircraft is not only one of the Indian Air Force Driving the largest number of fighters, but also is expected to service a few years.

The article said that there is a problem is the poor industrial maintenance. In November 2011, the first Indian astronaut Rakesh Sharma condemned the public defense companies planning imperfect (in India known as enterprise infrastructure, but there is no technical expertise. Sharma said that if he detected fighter parts defective fighters will be returned to the laboratory, but he soon found that no laboratory research and development of these parts, but keep them in the other fighter. Resulting in high crash rate of the third factor is the state of the Indian Air Force trainer aircraft fleet. India’s National Audit Office pointed out that in 2008 the Indian Air Force is facing an acute shortage of effective pilot failed to implement quality training. National Audit Office condemned the lack of a sufficient number of advanced trainer is because the Indian Air Force. Most of the Indian Air Force trainer aircraft fleet of domestic production by Hindustan Aeronautics platform. These aircraft proved to be inadequate in large part, and not up to expectations. For example, in 2009, of HPT-32

The article said that the lack of training in formation has forced the Indian Air Force pilot in the Kiran trainer aircraft of the Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (basic training on the jet engine-driven). In contrast, most Western pilots began training on equipment turboprop training aircraft, followed by training in jet engine-driven training on. Due to the age and quality issues, and even more advanced Kiran trainer aircraft fleet did not prove sufficient. Indian Air Force training school in Hyderabad, reportedly less than 100 Kiran trainer aircraft. The more serious a development is the lack of trainer aircraft, Indian Air Force to reduce the time of flight of a new pilot to the usual one-third (usually the flight time of 75 hours, reducing to 25 hours). In contrast, the U.S. Air Force to provide its students with the basic training of more than 100 flight hours. Allegedly, in the past two years, the number of basic training when the number of even drop lower, but now due to better resource management, has been stable. Indian Air Force to seek ways to maximize their training fleet is one of the training some variants of MiG -21 trainer pilot.

The article said that in the next few years, this trend may be reversed. Indian Air Force is seeking to obtain a large number of two-seat Hawk advanced jet trainer, of which about 55 have been fitted out in the Indian Air Force for use as a trainer. The trainer ordered in March 2004, but bureaucratic problems delayed its procurement and the introduction of. In addition, the Indian Air Force selection of the Swiss PC-7 trainer as a basic training in its next subsection aircraft before delivery, may have to wait at least three years. The article concludes that the Indian Air Force is trying to improve its capacity by upgrading its existing aircraft and equipment and the purchase of new aircraft, this effort may be more successful. However, the Indian Air Force will face a major potential challenge

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22DDH class helicopter carrier, entered service in 2015 . Captain of the ship is 248 meters at a cost of $ 1.04 billion . Than 197 meters of the captain , a displacement of 13,500 tons , can carry 11 helicopters

The ship will be equipped with the most advanced U.S. weapons systems to enhance their combat capability . The ship will be equipped with Raytheon ‘s air defense and missile defense systems . The new carrier will be equipped for anti-submarine warfare helicopter . Seek to amend the 22DDH helicopter carrier designed to carry fighter jets the voice getting higher and higher , but commentators have said that the quantitative restrictions under the current budgetary constraints and the Maritime Self-Defense Force of 45,000 personnel , the Maritime Self Defense Force to build aircraft carriers is not reality.

The 22DDH class helicopter carriers in lightship displacement of 19,500 tons full load displacement of 27,000 tons , Captain 248 meters , 38 meters wide ship speed of 30 , including crew and combat troops can carry a total of 970 , can carry up to 14 helicopters

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There are indications that around the Iranian nuclear issue, the opposition of the West and Iran growing, sparked concerns about a new outbreak of military conflict in the Gulf region. Analysts believe that both sides are playing a dangerous game of a cross between war and peace. Well, this game will be out of control?

A 70% chance of miscarriage of justice caused by the conflict

Infested Gulf from Iran to hold military exercises to the U.S. aircraft carrier, from the United States, Britain, Israel did not give up military options to senior Iranian officials again threatened to blockade the Strait of Hormuz, the Iranian oil embargo to Iran from Europe and the United States to the early termination to the European The oil in the Gulf region shrouded in dark clouds of conflict.

War between the West and Iran?

Russia’s Any party to the act of provocation or miscarriage of justice may lead to military conflict. The two sides eventually the possibility of military conflict broke out 70%.

Sa Ren, a researcher at the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Oriental Studies, believes that if Iran block the Strait of Hormuz, the Western countries as a declaration of war, the United States certainly will be the Iran military retaliation. In addition, blockade of the straits would allow Iran to complete loss of oil export revenues. Therefore, the relationship will be maintained at the state of neither war nor peace.

Experts O’Hanlon of the Brookings Institution, Foreign and Security Policy, said the outbreak of military conflict is unlikely, but not impossible, if Iran continues to advance its nuclear program, Israel may eventually decide to attack.

A Yadi, European Policy Research Center, Middle East expert, believes that the West is unlikely to take military action against Iran, the UN Security Council on Iran, the formation of the unified will of the different political aspirations and economic interests of all parties concerned, the unilateral action of any party will not work, which is actually non-military means to resolve the Iranian nuclear issue on insurance.

Bruce Kennedy Heights, vice president of the Russian Council on Foreign Relations, that the war is not inevitable. This is because: first, the United States has just concluded its military operations in Iraq, is currently unable to go to war against Iran; second, with serious consequences for war against Iran will give the entire Middle East region and the Muslim world; Third, America’s European allies is not very supportive to launch a military strike against Iran.

Negotiations re-opened compromise may only possible

Moment a shadow of conflict in the Gulf region, the international community expects the parties concerned the resumption of Iran nuclear talks. Such expectations can become a reality?

A Yadi that the EU sanctions against Iraq and Iran’s counter-measures that the opposition of the two sides to further deepen, greatly reduce the possibility of Iran to return to the negotiating table.

Safarov, Russia Modern Iranian Studies director of the Center, also believes that the new round of sanctions will not allow Iran to make concessions on the nuclear issue, but will make Iran to postpone negotiations.

Tehran University political science professor 齐巴卡拉姆 views to the contrary. He said that Iran in the situation of the External and hope to restart the nuclear talks, a new round of negotiations may soon restart, and Iran is likely to make some concessions.

In fact, since the beginning of this month, Iranian officials have repeatedly called to restart the nuclear talks, negotiations and suggested that in Turkey.

For the resumption of negotiations, the international community is also working. A high level delegation of the International Atomic Energy Agency on the 29th visit to Iran, to discuss the nuclear issue controversial. China, Russia and Turkey, has successively called on all parties to resolve the Iranian nuclear issue through dialogue.

The key question is, even if nuclear talks to restart, the West and Iran to reach a compromise?

The United States and Israel’s ultimate goal is to force Iran to abandon its uranium enrichment program, in order to completely eliminate the possibility of its development of nuclear weapons. Modern Russian director of the Research Center of Iran Safarov, Iran’s nuclear program embodies all the will of the people of Iran, and is regarded as a symbol of national sovereignty and independence. Therefore, Iran will not make the decision to halt its nuclear program.

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Russian media said the chief architect of the MBT-2000 foreign trade tanks in China Feng Yibai the 2012 January issue of weapons. He pointed out that an important advantage of the new tank is the motor performance significantly improved, 12-cylinder 4-stroke new 150 diesel engine, maximum power of 1200 hp. Although the Chinese experts did not specify the source of the Tank Engine, but it is clearly the introduction of the Ukrainian products, rather than the domestic power plant. The new tank off-road speeds of up to 71 km / h, higher-speed highway driving. Its superior powertrain performance, even more than abroad, the maximum power of 1500 hp engine system must be good. And this new engine is more economical and practical, specific fuel consumption of only 215 g / kWh, and 15 g / kWh lower than the MBT-2000 Basic. China’s new foreign trade tanks weight less than 51 tons. As of November 2011, new tanks in the testing process has been traveled over 5700 km without any major fault, which first a kind of car passed the 400 kilometers of continuous driving test in the field environment.

Russian media said the MBT-2000 new foreign trade tank artillery without any major changes, because the previous models of the domestic 125 mm gun is technically quite mature, and many similar products abroad, is a world leader. The most important innovation of China’s new tank is to increase the ability to launch artillery missiles, automatic loading machine is also a corresponding improvement. The chief architect the Pingyi Bai pointed out, the reason why the ability to give new tanks fired artillery missiles, primarily to meet the requirements of individual users. The number of foreign clients insist on the configuration of artillery missiles, some users do not have a similar request. Soviet designers had developed tanks and artillery missiles, products with the Soviet Union in the fire control system, significant gaps with the West, and therefore must find ways to compensate for the disadvantage of their tanks in remote artillery. If you have an advanced, high-precision fire control system, or high-speed armor-piercing ammunition for tanks at war. Chinese new tank with a new common sights, and can be used to launch artillery missiles, not only simplifies the operation of the gunner, but also reduces the indoor space battle. In contrast, the Russian T-90S tanks, artillery and missiles, each set of sights, is not that big battle room space is even more narrow.

Russian media said the IT level of application of the new tank to achieve higher standards. Which driver to use two displays, the left side of the chassis display parameters and the electronic map, the right of the display image of an uncooled thermal imager. The gunner using a monitor can be used to observe the target, showing the fire parameters. Bus captains also have two displays, one for receiving the battlefield situation information from the optical observation equipment, and one that can display a variety of information for the entire vehicle subsystem. This tank is also equipped with a switch inside the car, unified voice, data, images and other information, has created favorable conditions for the integration of different countries, a variety of communications equipment.

Russian media said the new tank’s armor protection levels were significantly strengthened. It uses a passive protection system consisting of basic armor, composite armor and additional armor, frontal armor thickness can be compared with the German Leopard 2 China’s new tank is also equipped with reactive armor, laser warning systems, the use of modern smoke-grenade launchers. Fengyi Bai said, popular abroad, tank hard kill active protection system, the only effective prevention of lower flight speed of the target, such as rocket-propelled grenades, anti-tank missiles, not intercept high-speed penetrators. Some countries claim to be able to intercept the penetrators, in fact, it is difficult to do. If necessary, the Chinese new tank can increase the firing point and smoke launchers were added to armor, enhanced mobility, thereby improving the viability of the tanks in the street battle.

Russian media said, Pingyi Bo pointed out that China’s new foreign trade tanks in all performance more than the Russian T-90S. For example, in motor performance, the T-90S engine power is only 900 horsepower, and a mechanical gearbox, far less than the tank. He also admits that China’s new foreign trade tanks higher due to configuration, so the price a bit high, more expensive than the MBT-2000 basic products. But this tank high cost, can still be accepted by the market. Some countries have sent delegations to visit the new tanks, armored corps, director of a country and even personally test drive, and given a high rating. The competitive advantage of the new tank is the integration of hydraulic mechanical transmission, steering wheel-style manipulation and automatic transmission, fully in line with the modern world, tank manufacturing, higher configuration standards. Moreover, the new tank is equipped with air conditioning and ventilation equipment, the car more comfortable working conditions. Car length of space and

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